The depth of a good bunker depends on a variety of factors, such as what it is intended to be used for, the climate it is located in, and the available budget. Generally, bunkers should be at least six feet deep as this will provide enough space to protect from most projectiles and falling debris from an aerial attack.
However, in more austere environments, stronger bunkers may need to be up to 15 feet deep to ensure safety and protection. Additionally, when building a bunker, care must be taken to ensure proper drainage and ventilation as well as proper insulation.
All of these factors, along with the duration of expected usage, will influence the depth and strength of the bunker.
How big should an underground bunker be?
The size of an underground bunker depends on how you plan to use it. For example, an underground bunker used solely for storage could be as small as 4-5 feet wide, 8-10 feet long, and 7-8 feet high. However, if you plan to use the bunker as an emergency shelter, you will need more space based on the number of people you plan to accommodate.
Generally, a bunker used as an emergency shelter should be at least 8-10 feet wide, 12-15 feet long, and 8-9 feet high – and that’s just for one person. If you plan to use your bunker as a safe space for multiple people, you’ll need to factor in additional space requirements for each person.
Additionally, if you plan to be in the bunker for extended stays, you may need additional space for amenities like a kitchen, bathroom, and living quarters. Ultimately, how big your bunker should be depends on what you plan to use it for – definitely consider these factors in your decision.
How do bunkers get water?
Bunkers typically get their water supply from a variety of sources, depending on the type of bunker and the purpose it serves. For a small bunker located in someone’s backyard, the water supply may come from a nearby water main.
In commercial or military bunkers, the water can come from a variety of sources, including wells, cisterns, rainwater, rivers, lakes, and streams.
In some cases, the water can be further enhanced by onsite water treatment systems. This is used to deal with any contamination in the water source and to ensure safe, potable water for drinking, showering, and washing activities.
Alternatively, it may involve drawing from an underground reservoir with a mechanical pump.
In other cases, a bunker may include artifacts that can convert water into potable drinking water, such as water filters. These are designed to remove suspended solids, chemicals, and other impurities in the water.
They usually come in the form of a reverse osmosis filter, activated carbon filter, ultraviolet light filter, and other effective processes.
Finally, some bunkers may opt for used water that is collected in tanks or cisterns and then used for various tasks such as flushing toilets and irrigating gardens. For more advanced bunkers, collected water can be recycled with the help of a water reclamation system.
What is the safest place during a nuclear war?
The safest place during a nuclear war is a shelter. Shelters provide protection from radiation and depending on construction, can protect from nuclear blasts and thermal radiation. They should be constructed from reinforced concrete and stored with supplies such as food, water and medical kits.
Shelters can also be fortified with additional protective barriers such as windows and additional outer walls made from materials such as sandbags and steel doors. Underground shelters provide even greater protection and should be outfitted with ventilation systems, communication systems and emergency power sources.
Additionally, to ensure safety shelter occupants should practice radiation safety protocols, such as hygiene and changing clothes on a regular basis. In cases where no shelter is available, people should remain inside and seek shelter in basements or hallway corners and use pillows, mattresses, blankets and furniture to protect themselves against fallout.
Will a basement save you from a nuke?
No, a basement will not save you from a nuke. Nuclear explosions cause a massive blast wave which can travel up to 16 miles away and generate temperatures of up to 10,000°F. Any nuclear explosion will cause significant structural damage and the resulting fallout can travel long distances and involve dangerous levels of radiation.
Even with a basement, you must be further away than the range of the nuke in order to stay safe. Further, a basement could be damaged in the blast and any radiation could seep inside, putting occupants at risk.
The best way to stay safe from a nuclear explosion is to be as far away from the event as possible.
How long should you stay underground after a nuclear bomb?
The amount of time you should stay underground after a nuclear bomb depends on several factors, including the location of the bomb and its strength. Generally, you should stay underground until it is safe to emerge, or for a minimum of 24 hours.
This will help ensure that radiation levels have dropped to safe levels.
In the event of an attack, the United States Department of Homeland Security suggests that sheltering-in-place is the best defense. This means that people should take shelter in an interior area of their home or workplace.
Depending on the strength of the bomb and local environmental conditions, it is recommended that you stay in your shelter for at least 2 weeks. After that time, it may be safe to go above ground and begin the process of rebuilding.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that you remain in a sheltered area for up to 4 weeks in the event of a nuclear attack. This is because radiation can remain in the environment for a long time after detonation.
After 4 weeks, the levels should have dropped to a safe level, allowing it to be safe to exit the shelter.
No matter the situation, it is important to make sure that any radiation levels have dropped to safe levels before leaving an area after a nuclear bomb detonation. It is also important to note that some radiation may remain in the environment, even after the initial blast has subsided.
Therefore, it is important to follow the guidance of emergency personnel and officials when deciding how long to stay underground.
How thick does concrete need to be for an underground bunker?
It depends on the size and purpose of the bunker. Generally, the thicker the walls and roof of a bunker, the better, as they protect against more types of attacks such as bombs and weapons.
For most underground bunkers, it is recommended that walls and roof are constructed from reinforced concrete that is between 8 and 12 inches thick. The thicker the walls, the better the protection against external forces, such as bombs and weapons.
Additionally, thicker concrete can help increase air pressure and better contain air within the bunker and filter out gases such as carbon monoxide.
In areas with significant seismic activity, it is recommended to use thicker concrete walls, usually 12-18 inches or more depending on the threat level. Additionally, the concrete layers should be tied together with steel rebar.
This will help provide added strength and stability to the bunker’s structure.
No matter the desired thickness and strength of the concrete, the bunker should always meet industry and local building codes. Additionally, it may be necessary to secure a permit prior to the start of construction.
By following industry standards and codes, the bunker is better protected and more secure.
What makes a good underground bunker?
A good underground bunker should have several key qualities. Firstly, it should be able to protect its inhabitants from any potential threats, such as extreme weather, radiation, and intruders. It should also offer a large enough space for people to live, sleep, and store food, water, and other necessities.
The bunker should be built using high-quality materials that are designed to withstand a wide range of temperatures and any potential natural disasters. It should also have multiple layers of protection, such as reinforced walls and ceilings, that are designed to protect against any break-ins.
Additionally, a reliable ventilation system should be installed that is able to filter air and maintain a comfortable temperature.
The bunker should also be equipped with an emergency exit in case of an emergency, preferably one that leads far away from the bunker. Additionally, a functional security system should be installed to protect against any intruders and ensure the safety of its inhabitants.
Lastly, if feasible, the bunker should have a backup power source, such as solar panels or a generator, to ensure that life-sustaining equipment, such as heating and cooling systems, will continue to function even in a prolonged power outage.
Do I need permission to build a bunker?
The answer to this question depends on a number of factors, such as where you live, the size and type of bunker you need to build, and any applicable zoning laws and building codes in your area. Generally speaking, some form of permission is typically required to build any type of permanent structure on your property, including a bunker.
Depending on the size and type of bunker, you may need to obtain a building permit from your local government. Additionally, you must also check for any zoning laws or building codes that apply to your property, since these might affect the type and size of bunker you are able to build.
In some cases, you may also need to obtain approval from your homeowners’ association or any other local governing bodies that may have jurisdiction over your property. Finally, it is also a good idea to consult with a professional contractor or architect to help make sure that your bunker meets all applicable building codes, zoning laws, and other requirements.
Can you touch the ground in a bunker?
No, you typically cannot touch the ground in a bunker. This is because bunkers are designed to protect the shooter from outside forces, such as gunfire from enemies. As such, the walls of bunkers are usually made from tough materials that can absorb or deflect bullets and other projectiles.
The floor of the bunker is usually elevated from the ground and is typically made from reinforced concrete to protect the shooter from any explosions or shrapnel from nearby targets. While the bunker may provide some protection from the ground below, the walls of the bunker are still the primary source of protection.
Therefore, it is generally not a good idea to actually touch the ground within a bunker.
Where is a nuclear bomb most likely to hit in the US?
It is impossible to predict the exact location of a nuclear bomb if one was ever to be used in the United States. That being said, the United States mainland is divided into nine geographic regions and three economic regions based on the populations of its different cities.
Generally speaking, the most likely targets for a nuclear attack on the United States would be major population centers. This means cities like Los Angeles, Chicago, New York, Washington DC, Las Vegas, and Miami are some of the more vulnerable targets.
All of these cities are incredibly dense, which makes them more vulnerable to an incident like this. Additionally, these cities hold a significant portion of the US’s military installations, which could be potential targets.
Additionally, states like Montana, Wyoming, the Dakotas, West Virginia and Indiana hold the highest concentrations of un-populated land and thus would be less likely targets in the event of a nuclear attack.
Which US cities are most likely nuclear targets?
The US cities that are most likely nuclear targets are Washington, DC; New York City; Los Angeles; Seattle; San Francisco; Chicago; Houston; and Miami. These are the highest profile, most populous cities in the United States, making them the likeliest targets for a nuclear attack.
Furthermore, the US government has constructed various defense systems around these cities specifically for expanding their nuclear capabilities. This includes Nuclear Early Warning System (NEWS) radar, nuclear bunker sites, and ground-based interceptors.
In addition to their military or political significance, these cities are all economic, cultural and symbolic hubs, making them tempting targets for any force looking to strike a major blow to the US and disrupt the lives of its citizens.
Where is the safest place to live if war breaks out?
Ultimately, the safest place to live during a war depends on many factors, including the country in which you live, the types of weapons being used, the location of the conflict, and the proximity of your residence to any battlefields.
Generally speaking, if a war were to break out, the safest place to live would likely be a remote area far from major cities and any potential conflict zones. Additionally, densely populated areas with a large military presence, such as Washington D.C. or London, could be safer as they are better defended.
If you are already living in a war-prone area, you will want to take additional steps to increase your safety. Be sure to stay informed about news and events in the area, take shelter in case of attack, and keep a supply of food and medical supplies on hand.
It’s also important to follow the instructions of local civilian and military leaders and remain in communication with family or friends who are living in a safer location.
How long would it take for a nuclear missile to reach the US from Russia?
The exact time it would take for a nuclear missile to reach the US from Russia would depend upon the type of missile used. Intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) have a maximum range of 8,000 to 10,000km, and so the time it takes for one to reach its target would depend upon its flight characteristics, as well as its launch point.
For an ICBM that is launched from western Russia and aimed towards the US, it could take between 25 and 35 minutes for it to reach its destination. Some missiles have the capability to adjust their direction mid-flight, so it is possible for them to reach the US in less time, depending on the trajectory taken.
In addition, factors such as the weather, altitude, and wind speed in the missile’s trajectory can affect its speed, and could make it arrive at its destination earlier or later than expected. So in general, it would take from 25 to 35 minutes for an ICBM to reach its target from western Russia.
What countries would survive a nuclear war?
It is impossible to say which countries would survive a nuclear war, as the outcome would depend on a range of factors including the number of nuclear weapons used, their locations, and the size and strength of the affected countries.
However, if two countries with relatively limited nuclear arsenals were to engage in a nuclear conflict, one could expect that the countries that would best survive it would be those with robust defense systems, large land areas, and limited civilian infrastructure.
The United States, due to its vast size, strong defense systems, and active strategic deterrence program, would be one of the best positioned countries to survive a nuclear war. Similarly, Russia, due to its large land area and hardened nuclear-capable missile sites would also likely survive such a conflict in an intact state.
Other countries that might be expected to survive a nuclear war include China, due to its growing nuclear arsenal, large military forces, and relatively rudimentary infrastructure; and India and Pakistan, due to their highly contested territories and numerous underground fortifications.
Ultimately, it is impossible to know which countries would survive a nuclear war in an intact state. However, those countries with large land areas, strong defense systems, and limited civilian infrastructure would be best positioned to do so.
