Fleas are a common problem for dog owners. If you notice your dog scratching, biting, or licking excessively, fleas may be the culprit. Fleas can cause skin irritation and discomfort for your dog. In severe cases, fleas can lead to hair loss, hot spots, and skin infections. So what should you do if you suspect your dog has fleas? Here’s a quick guide to help you decide if and when to take your dog to the vet.
How do I know if my dog has fleas?
The most common signs of a flea infestation include:
- Excessive scratching, biting, or licking at their skin
- Restlessness and not wanting to sit still
- Red bumps or scabs on the skin
- Hair loss, usually around the tail, legs, or belly
- Tapeworm segments in the dog’s stool (tapeworms can be transmitted by fleas)
- Flea dirt (tiny black specks that look like dirt) in the dog’s fur
You may also see fleas jumping onto your dog’s skin or running through their fur. Fleas are quick and can be hard to spot, so look closely near the base of the tail, around the ears, or on the belly.
Should I take my dog to the vet right away?
In most cases, it’s fine to try treating fleas at home first. But some signs mean you should take your dog to the vet right away:
- Skin infection – Red, inflamed skin, pus, or crusty sores
- Allergic reaction – Hives, swelling, or abnormal bumps on the skin
- Young puppy or kitten – Young animals are especially vulnerable to flea infestations
- Severe infestation – If you see a large number of live fleas on your pet
- Weak or sick pet – Fleas can make an already ill pet even sicker
See the vet promptly if your dog shows any of these signs, as medications or other treatment may be needed.
How do I get rid of fleas on my dog at home?
For mild to moderate flea infestations, you can try these at-home remedies:
- Flea combs – Special fine-toothed combs can help remove live fleas and eggs.
- Flea shampoos and sprays – Shampoos kill fleas on contact. Sprays work for up to 24 hours.
- Oral flea medications – Products such as Capstar pills kill fleas within hours.
- Topical spot treatments – Apply liquid or spray between the shoulders. Kills existing fleas and prevents new ones.
- Flea collars – Collars release small amounts of insecticide onto the dog’s skin.
- Flea powders and sprays for the home – Treat carpets, bedding, and upholstery to kill flea eggs and larvae.
- Vacuum frequently – This picks up flea eggs and debris.
- Wash bedding – Use hot soapy water to kill fleas on dog beds and blankets.
Always carefully follow label instructions when using flea products. Consult your vet if you’re unsure about the right flea treatment for your dog.
When should I take my dog to the vet for fleas?
Make an appointment with your vet if:
- At-home treatment doesn’t resolve the problem within 2-3 weeks
- Your dog has signs of a skin infection or allergic reaction
- You see tapeworm segments in your dog’s stool
- Your dog becomes lethargic or sick after flea treatment
- Your dog has other medical conditions made worse by flea bites
The vet has prescription medications that can treat severe flea infestations. They can also test for tapeworms and treat any secondary skin infections caused by excessive scratching and biting.
What will the vet do about fleas?
At your appointment, the vet will likely:
- Ask about your dog’s symptoms and general health
- Check your dog’s skin and coat for signs of fleas or infections
- Recommend prescription flea control products
- Prescribe medications if needed for itching, infections, or tapeworms
- Give tips for treating your home and yard to prevent reinfestation
Some vets may offer flea baths and other treatments on-site. They can also show you the best areas to apply topical flea prevention medications.
What flea treatments will the vet prescribe?
Vets have access to prescription-only flea and tick products that are extremely effective, such as:
- Oral tablets – Given monthly, these kill fleas on your pet within hours.
- Topical spot-ons – Applied monthly between the shoulders, these quickly kill existing fleas and provide ongoing protection.
- Flea collars – Adjustable collars provide continuous flea and tick protection for several months.
- Flea and tick shampoos – Used for quick knockdown of fleas in a severe infestation.
- Injections – Given by the vet, these kill fleas within hours and provide 30+ days of protection.
- Oral or topical growth regulators – Stop flea eggs and larvae from developing into adults.
The vet will recommend the appropriate treatment based on your dog’s age, weight, and health status. Follow your vet’s instructions carefully for proper dosing and use.
How much will a vet visit for fleas cost?
Costs for a vet visit for fleas can range from $50 to over $200. The total bill depends on:
| Service | Typical Cost |
|---|---|
| Office exam fee | $45-$55 |
| Skin evaluation | $15-$25 |
| Flea medication – oral or topical | $15-$75+ depending on product and dog’s weight |
| Tapeworm treatment | $15-$45 |
| Antibiotics for infection | $30-$75 |
| Flea bath or dip | $15-$35 |
| Lab test for tapeworm | $45-$75 |
There may be added fees for emergency or weekend visits. You can request a cost estimate when booking your appointment.
How can I prevent fleas on my dog?
Here are some tips for keeping fleas off your dog:
- Use veterinarian-recommended flea control products year round.
- Treat all pets in your household – fleas can jump from pet to pet.
- Give oral or topical medications at regular monthly intervals.
- Bathe and brush your dog regularly to prevent dead skin buildup.
- Vacuum carpets, furniture, and pet beds frequently.
- Wash your dog’s bedding weekly in hot, soapy water.
- Keep your grass cut short and bushes trimmed.
- Ask your vet about flea prevention if boarding your dog or traveling.
Prompt treatment of occasional fleas can help prevent major infestations. Check with your veterinarian for the safest, most effective flea control methods for your dog.
When to seek emergency care
In very rare cases, flea medications can cause severe reactions. Get emergency care if your dog shows any of these symptoms after flea treatment:
- Difficulty walking or standing
- Whole body tremors or seizures
- Swelling of the face, lips, eyes or skin
- Excessive drooling or gagging
- Very pale gums
- Collapse or high fever
Bring the flea medication packaging with you to the vet. Reactions typically begin within 24 hours of applying medications.
The takeaway
Fleas can definitely cause irritation, but in most cases home treatment will clear up the problem. See your vet promptly if signs of an infection develop or fleas persist despite aggressive treatment. With the excellent flea control products now available, keeping your dog flea-free is very achievable.