What is catnip?
Catnip is a plant in the mint family that contains a chemical called nepetalactone. This chemical is attractive to cats and induces a euphoric state when smelled or ingested. Catnip grows wild in most parts of the world and is commonly sold in pet stores as a toy or treat for domestic cats. Many cat owners give their pets catnip, but some question whether this practice is cruel or unhealthy.
How does catnip affect cats?
When cats smell or eat catnip, the nepetalactone binds to receptors in their noses and stimulates a response in their brains. This causes a temporary high-like state that lasts about 10-15 minutes. Common behaviors exhibited by cats “high” on catnip include rolling around, pawing at the air, drooling, vocalizing, head shaking, and playfulness. The effects wear off as the nepetalactone is metabolized. Catnip does not appear to be addictive, as cats do not demonstrate drug-seeking behavior after the initial high wears off.
Is catnip harmful to cats?
There is no evidence that catnip is harmful to cats when used appropriately. The active chemical, nepetalactone, does not accumulate in the body and the high wears off quickly without any harmful after-effects. Catnip is non-addictive and non-toxic. Most cats experience the effects of catnip as pleasurable.
However, there are a few potential risks to be aware of:
– Overindulgence – Constant access to catnip could lead to overstimulation. It is best to limit catnip to occasional treats.
– Varied reactions – Although most cats enjoy catnip, some may become overstimulated or anxious after exposure. Pay attention to how your individual cat reacts.
– Interactions – Catnip should not be given in conjunction with any form of sedative, as the combined effects are unknown.
As long as it is used responsibly, catnip is not considered dangerous for cats. But anything can be misused.
Why do some people think catnip is cruel?
Here are some of the concerns about giving catnip:
It may be uncomfortable for some cats
As mentioned above, catnip does not produce a universal reaction in all cats. Some cats may become distressed or anxious after being given catnip. Exposing a cat to catnip without knowing how they will react could be seen as irresponsible.
It can cause temporary personality changes
Catnip alters a cat’s usual habits and behaviors. The cat may behave in uncharacteristic ways that could be disruptive in a home. Some guardians feel that deliberately inducing this type of behavioral change is unfair to the cat.
It may become an expectation or obsession
Some worry that regular catnip use could lead to cats constantly wanting the stimulus. Even though catnip is not addictive, cats can come to expect it if given frequently. They may meow persistently or try to get into catnip supplies if they expect it as part of their routine.
The “high” could be scary
A cat exposed to catnip for the first time could find the experience alarming or disorienting if they do not understand what is happening. The unusual sensations may be unpleasant for some cats. Starting young kittens on catnip before they are able to understand the effects could be seen as distressing.
It may send the wrong message about “drug” use
Some feel that giving catnip promotes unhealthy attitudes about recreational drug use. It could normalize the idea of deliberately inducing a temporary high. They argue this trivializes substance abuse issues.
What do experts say about catnip safety?
Most veterinary experts and animal care specialists agree that catnip is safe for cats in moderation. Here are some of their recommendations for responsible catnip use:
– Introduce slowly – Let your cat sample catnip and observe effects before giving them free access. Monitor their reaction.
– Avoid forced exposure – Never force a cat to interact with catnip if they seem apprehensive or anxious about it.
– Use sparingly – Daily or constant access to catnip is not necessary or recommended. Reserve it for occasional treats.
– Interact safely – Put catnip in toys or scratchers rather than sprinkling loose leaves and powder where your cat could inhale it. Avoid getting it in your cat’s eyes.
– Choose reputable products – Purchase catnip from pet stores or companies that specialize in cat products to ensure you get uncontaminated, high-quality nepeta cataria.
– Stop if concerns arise – If your cat exhibits worrisome behavior on catnip or seems distressed, discontinue use. Seek veterinary advice if needed.
Experts agree that context and moderation are key when it comes to catnip. Responsible, occasional use is not considered cruel or unhealthy. But owners should tailor use to their individual cat’s needs and preferences.
Are there benefits to giving cats catnip?
In addition to being fun for many cats, catnip may offer other benefits:
Stress relief
The euphoric high induced by catnip has a relaxing effect for many cats similar to the release humans feel after exercise. This can help relieve stress and tension. Studies show that dogs also experience reduced anxiety when given catnip.
Pain relief
Some studies indicate that nepetalactone may have pain-relieving properties. The soothing sensation of “catnip highs” may temporarily reduce discomfort just as endogenous opioids like endorphins are known to do.
Promotes playtime
Catnip often makes cats playful and excitable. This can encourage exercise and bonding through interactive play sessions between guardians and cats. Many cats lose interest in solitary catnip toys but will engage more actively when owners incorporate catnip-filled toys into playtime.
Enriches environment
The novel experience catnip provides gives cats sensory stimulation and entertainment. Along with scratching posts and interactive puzzle toys, it adds enrichment to a cat’s world and prevents boredom. Vets and animal behaviorists recommend rotating catnip toys to sustain interest.
When used judiciously, catnip is generally regarded as a safe way to provide feline enjoyment and enhance cats’ quality of life. It should be treated as an occasional novelty rather than a necessity. Moderation and proper monitoring are key.
Signs your cat may enjoy catnip
Observing your cat’s individual reactions will tell you whether they enjoy catnip and benefit from occasional use. Signs a cat may appreciate catnip include:
– Displaying interest in smelling catnip toys or plants
– Rolling, rubbing against or chewing on catnip-filled toys
– Pawing at, jumping on or excitedly chasing moving catnip toys
– Returning regularly to play with the same catnip toy over multiple sessions
– Seeming relaxed, content and euphoric during and after catnip exposure
– Increased purring, meowing or other vocalizations when playing with catnip items
– Gentle mouthing, licking or cheek rubbing involving catnip toys or plants
Of course, the opposite reactions may indicate your cat finds catnip distressing. Signs to watch out for include:
– Avoiding or moving away from catnip items or scent
– Acting anxious or agitated after exposure, especially the first time
– Overly aggressive play responses like biting or scratching
– Hiding or isolating themselves from the stimulus
– Vocalizing in an alarmed, upset or uncomfortable way
Pay close attention the first few times you offer catnip to ensure your cat’s safety and comfort. It is best to introduce young kittens slowly once they are old enough to understand the experience. Only continue using catnip if your cat demonstrates they enjoy it.
How to use catnip responsibly
To allow your cat to enjoy catnip safely and in moderation, veterinarians recommend:
– Use only reputable catnip – Purchase catnip products meant for cats to avoid contaminants. Look for organic, high-quality dried catnip.
– Introduce gradually at the right age – Kittens under 6 months may find catnip frightening or disorienting. Older juveniles and adults are the best candidates. Start with a small amount of catnip and watch your cat’s reaction in a comfortable environment before giving them free access.
– Give your cat a choice – Let them initiate interest before offering catnip. Never force them to interact with it.
– Use catnip sparingly – Occasional catnip treats are fine, but do not make it an expectation or daily routine. Limit treats to a few times weekly at most.
– Put away unused catnip – Open packages and containers should be stored out of reach when playtime is over. Tightly seal to preserve freshness.
– Try different catnip toys – Rotate different interactive toys, scratchers or tunnels containing catnip to keep your cat engaged and interested.
– Stop at the first sign of discomfort – If your cat indicates anxiety, agitation or distress, remove all catnip and provide comfort.
Catnip can be an enjoyable treat in most cases, but owners should exercise caution, moderation and common sense. Pay close attention to your individual cat’s reactions. When in doubt, consult your veterinarian about your cat’s health needs. Responsible catnip use ultimately comes down to knowing your cat’s limits and preferences.
The bottom line
While catnip affects cats’ behavior temporarily, it provides no lasting harmful effects when used responsibly. Most cats enjoy catnip occasionally as a novel diversion, similar to toys and play sessions. As with any treat, catnip should be given in moderation to avoid overindulgence. Owners should monitor their cat’s reaction and adjust usage accordingly. Responsible catnip use can provide enrichment but it should never be forced. Overall, the majority of evidence indicates catnip is safe for most cats when used appropriately as part of a stimulating environment. As with all aspects of cat health, owners should prioritize their cat’s reaction over assumptions or traditions. Watching your individual cat’s response and comfort level will ensure catnip use does not verge into cruelty or irresponsibility.
